MAUKULIAH.ID – Pernah kah Sobat Miku melakukan percakapan nan merujuk menceritakan masa lampau alias waktu nan sudah lewat? Dalam Bahasa Inggris kalimat ini biasa menggunakan past tense.
Hm, gimana ya penggunaan past tense dalam kalimat sehari-hari? Yuk kita telaah bersama.
Pengertian Past Tense
Sebelum kita mengulas apa itu past tense, Miku mau membujuk Anda memahami tenses. Jadi, tenses adalah dasar di mana kalimat dalam bahasa inggris dibentuk. Sehingga jika Miku mau buat tense bisa menyesuaikan kejadian (event) atau waktu kejadian (time).
Seperti nan kita ketahui, setiap peristiwa tidak selalu terjadi pada waktu nan sama. Maka untuk dapat menggambarkan situasi dalam sebuah cerita dengan akurat, krusial untuk memahami penggunaan tenses.
Nah inilah nan dimaksud dengan past tense ialah ketika kita menceritakan aktivitas masa lampau pada masa sekarang. Dalam bahasa Inggris, past tense menunjukkan tindakan nan terjadi dan selesai pada waktu tertentu di masa lalu.
Rumus Past Tense & Contoh Kalimat
Past tense nan digunakan untuk menceritakan kejadian di masa lampau kerap membikin orang bingung gimana mengimplementasikannya. Seperti apa sih langkah menggunakan past tense yang tepat? Sini Miku kasih tahu.
Coba lihat rumus past tenses tersebut, terlihat mudah bukan rumusnya? Eits, walaupun terlihat mudah, tapi Anda kudu harus memahami betul gimana penggunaan rumus tersebut.
Baca juga: Jurusan Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris, Mata Kuliah dan Prospek Kerjanya
Rumus Past Tense Nominal
Dalam past tenses bentuk nominal, bagian predikat bisa diisi dengan was (subjek tunggal) dan were (subjek jamak). Keduanya merupakan corak silam nan setara dengan am, is, dan are dalam present tense.
Terdapat tiga rumus nan perlu dipelajari dalam past tenses, antara lain:
Positif : Subject + to be (was/were) + complement
Negatif : Subject + to be (was/were) + not + complement
Interogatif : To be (was/were) + Subject + complement
Berikut contoh kalimat Simple Past Tense corak nominal:
Kalimat positif
- She was a famous actress in the 90s. (Dia dulu adalah artis terkenal pada tahun 90-an.
- The old house was a beautiful mansion. (Rumah tua itu dulu adalah sebuah mansion nan indah.
- I was a chef before I became a writer. (Aku dulu adalah seorang jurumasak sebelum menjadi seorang penulis.)
- They were married for 25 years. (Mereka menikah selama 25 tahun.)
- She was a dedicated teacher for many years. (Dia adalah seorang pembimbing nan berdedikasi selama bertahun-tahun.)
Kalimat negatif
- She was not a famous actress in the 90s. (Dia dulu bukan aktris terkenal pada tahun 90-an.)
- The old house was not a beautiful mansion. (Rumah tua itu dulu bukan sebuah mansion nan indah.)
- I was not a chef before I became a writer. (Aku dulu bukan seorang jurumasak sebelum menjadi seorang penulis.)
- They were not married for 25 years. (Mereka tidak menikah selama 25 tahun.)
- She was not a dedicated teacher for many years. (Dia bukan seorang pembimbing nan berdedikasi selama bertahun-tahun.)
Kalimat interogatif
- Was she a famous actress in the 90s? (Apakah dia dulu aktris terkenal pada tahun 90-an?)
- Was the old house a beautiful mansion? (Apakah rumah tua itu dulu sebuah mansion nan indah?)
- Was I a chef before I became a writer? (Apakah saya dulu seorang jurumasak sebelum menjadi seorang penulis?)
- Were they married for 25 years? (Apakah mereka menikah selama 25 tahun?)
- Was she a dedicated teacher for many years? (Apakah dia dulu seorang pembimbing nan berdedikasi selama bertahun-tahun?)
Rumus Past Tense Verbal
Terdapat tiga corak kata kerja nan bisa diaplikasikan dalam tenses, yaitu verb 1, verb 2, dan verb 3. Namun, dalam simple past tense menggunakan verb 2.
Penggunaan verb 2 mempunyai dua jenis, ialah irregular verb dan regular verb. Apa bedanya?
Regular verb ditandai dengan corak simple past dan past participle nan sama. Sedangkan irregular verb biasanya mempunyai corak present dan past tense nan sama alias juga berbeda.
Berikut ini adalah rumus simple past tense corak verbal:
Positif : Subject + verb 2 + complement
Negatif : Subject + did + not + verb 1
Interogatif : Did + subject + verb 1
Contoh kalimat simple past tense corak verbal:
Positif:
- She walked to the park yesterday. (Dia melangkah ke taman kemarin.)
- He studied French for two years. (Dia belajar bahasa Perancis selama dua tahun.)
- They watched a thrilling movie last night. (Mereka menonton movie seru semalam.)
- I visited my grandparents over the weekend. (Aku mengunjungi kakek nenekku selama akhir pekan.)
- We bought an ice cream at the beach on Saturday. (Kita beli es krim di pantai pada hari Sabtu.)
Negatif:
- She did not walk to the park yesterday. (Dia tidak melangkah ke taman kemarin.)
- He did not study French for two years. (Dia tidak belajar bahasa Perancis selama dua tahun.)
- They did not watch a thrilling movie last night. (Mereka tidak menonton movie seru semalam.)
- We did not buy an ice cream at the beach on Saturday. (Kita tidak membeli es krim di pantai pada hari Sabtu.)
Interogatif
- Did she walk to the park yesterday? (Apakah dia melangkah ke taman kemarin?)
- Did he study French for two years? (Apakah dia belajar bahasa Perancis selama dua tahun?)
- Did they watch a thrilling movie last night? (Apakah mereka menonton movie seru semalam?)
- Did I visit my grandparents over the weekend? (Apakah saya mengunjungi kakek nenekku selama akhir pekan?)
- Did we play soccer at the beach on Saturday? (Apakah kita bermain sepak bola di pantai pada hari Sabtu?)
- Did we buy an ice cream at the beach on Saturday. (Apakah kita beli es krim di pantai pada hari Sabtu.)
Contoh Regular dan Irregular Verb
Bagi Sobat Miku nan bakal mempelajari past tense jangan lupa untuk mengetahui corak regular verb dan irregular verb. Regular verb ditandai dengan perubahan kata pada verb 2 dan verb 3 dengan penambahan suffix -ed. Sedangkan Irregular verb adalah corak kata kerja nan jenis verb 1, verb 2, verb 3 berubah alias bisa tidak berubah sama sekali. Berikut adalah contohnya:
Regular Verb:
Verb 1 | Verb 2 | Verb 3 | Arti |
Accept | Accepted | Accepted | Menerima |
Accuse | Accused | Accused | Menuduh |
Achieve | Achieved | Achieved | Meraih |
Act | Acted | Acted | Bertindak |
Add | Added | Added | Menambahkan |
Admire | Admired | Admired | Mengagumi |
Admit | Admitted | Admitted | Mengakui |
Adopt | Adopted | Adopted | Mengambil |
Advise | Advised | Advised | Menasihati |
Affect | Affected | Affected | Memengaruhi |
Agree | Agreed | Agreed | Menyetujui |
Allow | Allowed | Allowed | Mengizinkan |
Announce | Announced | Announced | Mengumumkan |
Appreciate | Appreciated | Appreciated | Menghargai |
Approve | Approved | Approved | Menyetujui |
Argue | Argued | Argued | Membantah |
Arrive | Arrived | Arrived | Tiba |
Ask | Asked | Asked | Bertanya |
Assist | Assisted | Assisted | Membantu |
Attack | Attacked | Attacked | Menyerang |
Attempt | Attempted | Attempted | Percobaan |
Attend | Attended | Attended | Menghadiri |
Avoid | Avoided | Avoided | Menghindari |
Back (up) | Backed (up) | Backed (up) | Cadangan |
Bake | Baked | Baked | Memanggang |
Banish | Banished | Banished | Membuang |
Beg | Begged | Begged | Memohon |
Behave | Behaved | Behaved | Berperilaku baik |
Believe | Believed | Believed | Meyakini |
Belittle | Belittled | Belittled | Meremehkan |
Irregular Verb:
Verb 1 | Verb 2 | Verb 3 | Arti |
Begin | Began | Begun | Dimulai |
Break | Broke | Broken | Membawa |
Become | Became | Become | Menjadi |
Buy | Bought | Bought | Membeli |
Bring | Brought | Brought | Membawa |
Build | Built | Built | Membangun |
Catch | Caught | Caught | Menangkap |
Creep | Crept | Crept | Merayap |
Choose | Chose | Chosen | Memilih |
Come | Came | Come | Dating |
Cost | Cost | Cost | Harga |
Cut | Cut | Cut | Memotong |
Dig | Dug | Dug | Menggali |
Dream | Dreamt | Dreamt | Bermimpi |
Do | Did | Done | Melakukan Sesuatu |
Draw | Drew | Drawn | Menggambar |
Drive | Drove | Driven | Mengendarai |
Eat | Ate | Eaten | Makan |
Feed | Fed | Fed | Memberi Makan |
Fight | Fought | Fought | Berkelahi |
Fall | Fell | Fallen | Jatuh |
Find | Found | Found | Menemukan |
Give | Gave | Given | Memberi |
Go | Went | Gone | Pergi |
Have | Had | Had | Memiliki |
Hit | Hit | Hit | Memukul |
Keep | Kept | Kept | Menyimpan |
Know | Knew | Known | Mengetahui |
Lie | Lay | Lain | Berbaring |
Leave | Left | Left | Meninggalkan |
Lose | Lost | Lost | Kehilangan |
Light | Lit | Lit | Menyalakan |
Make | Made | Made | Membuat |
Mean | Meant | Meant | Berarti |
Pay | Paid | Paid | Membayar |
Play | Played | Played | Bermain |
Put | Put | Put | Menaruh |
Ring | Rang | Rung | Berdering |
Ride | Rode | Ridden | Mengendarai |
Rise | Rose | Risen | Terbit |
Shake | Shook | Shaken | Menggoyangkan |
Sink | Sank | Sunk | Tenggelam |
Sun | Ran | Run | Berlari |
Swim | Swam | Swum | Berenang |
See | Saw | Seen | Melihat |
Sell | Sold | Sold | Menjual |
Send | Sent | Sent | Mengirim |
Set | Set | Set | Mengatur |
Send | Sent | Sent | Mengirim |
Sweep | Swept | Swept | Menyapu |
Speak | Spoke | Spoken | Berbicara |
Stand | Stood | Stood | Berdiri |
Take | Took | Taken | Mengambil |
Tear | Tore | Torn | Merobek |
Teach | Taught | Taught | Mengajar |
Tell | Told | Told | Mengatakan |
Think | Thought | Thought | Berpikir |
Understand | Understood | Understood | Memahami |
Wear | Wore | Worn | Memakai |
Win | Won | Won | Menang |
Write | Wrote | Written | Menulis |
Wake | Woke | Woken | Bangun |
Baca juga: Pengertian Simple Present Tense, Rumus, & Contoh Kalimat
Jadi, past tenses ini digunakan untuk menjelaskan peristiwa masa lampu ya Sobat Miku. Nah itu tadi info komplit mengenai past tense, bagi Sobat Miku nan mau mengetahui lebih komplit seputar materi sekolah dan info bidang kuliah dapat mengunjungi lama maukuliah.id ya!